Trustworthiness, information channels, and norms were examples of social capital proposed by Coleman (Coleman, 1988). It is not a single entity but a variety of different entities, with two elements in common: they all consist of some aspect of social structures, and they facilitate certain actions of actors – whether persons or corporate actors – within the structure”. Different from Bourdieu, Coleman (1988) defined social capital in a functionalist manner: “Social capital is defined by its function. Bourdieu (1986) defined social capital as “the aggregate of the actual or potential resources which are linked to possession of a durable network of more or less institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition”. Since the 1980s, several social scientists have proposed related but different definitions of the concept. Social capital is a concept imported from social science to public health. Policymakers should avoid damaging neighborhood social capital when implementing other public policies, especially in rural areas where neighborhood network seems to matter more for health. Health interventions to improve neighborhood social cohesion should be designed to cope with the challenge of urbanization. Our study suggested that cohesive neighborhoods benefit both rural and urban residents' health. Interaction analysis showed that only in rural but not urban areas, with the increase of neighborhood network size, the health gap between the income-poor and the non-income-poor decreased generally. Only in rural but not urban areas was a neighborhood network of 10 or more persons (ref.: none) associated with better health ( β = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.05,0.46). Multivariable linear regression models showed positive associations between perceived neighborhood social cohesion and health in rural ( β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03,0.14) and urban ( β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.05,0.12) areas. Neighborhood social capital was divided into structural (neighborhood network size, frequency of socializing with neighbors, voting in neighborhood committee election, and participation in neighborhood voluntary activities) and cognitive (perceived neighborhood social cohesion) dimensions. Health outcome was a factor score constructed by three items. Participants were 5014 Chinese adults (≥ 18 years) (rural: 2034 urban: 2980) from the 2012 cross-sectional Chinese General Social Survey. “community saved” debate on how neighborhood solidarity changes with urbanization, we compared the rural-urban difference in the association of individuals' neighborhood social capital with health and the interaction effect between neighborhood social capital and income-poverty on health in China, where huge rural-urban disparities existed. He did that until the bottom dropped out and moved to Fuel TV where he launched a network.Ģ:00 : The Eagles and the Philly sports fan state of mindħ:11 : Cookie cutter American family growing up, high school, skateboarding, BMX and musicġ2:00 : College, rollerblading and taking over VG for Groove productionsġ8:00 : Skateboarding v.Given the “community lost” vs. When he got into rollerblading, he sent the equivalent of a “sponsor me” edit to a video magazine, his footage was used and Dave somehow ended up running the video company. Dave Paine’s life started as a team sports kid from Philly who got into skateboarding through his brothers.
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